To me, environmental sustainability is the act of appreciating all available resources by making sure everyone has enough and the resource is never depleted. This usually means that people have to be a little vigilant about using the resources well, and not excessively. To be more sustainable, you can turn off lights when you're not using them, take shorter showers, use less energy, consider switching from gas or oil to wind or solar energy, eat even a little less red meat, use reusable water bottles and cups, and bring reusable bags to the grocery store, among other things.
The two main natural resources are renewable and nonrenewable. Nonrenewable resources are ones that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to their consumption. Fossil fuels, coal, nuclear energy are all examples of non-renewable energy resources. Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time. Wind, water, and solar energy are all examples.
The main goal of Environmental Science is to study the impact of different things like energy production, human life, and sustainability on the environment. It combines different aspects of biology, ecology, chemistry, and physics to see what we are doing to the environment, why, how, and what we should be doing in order to ensure indefinite use of resources available to us.
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