1. Sofia's and my tectonic plates are fairly close to where they actually are. The only thing that seems to be missing is the western boundary of the North American Plate, where it connects to the Eurasian Plate. Earthquakes occur mostly on plate boundaries, because they can occur when plates shift or move against each other, called seismic shifts. Volcanoes occur on plate boundaries because, when the plates shift and rub against soft, hot rock, it creates magma, and that comes to the surface in the form of lava.
2. A lot of earthquakes and volcanoes occur around Papua New Guinea, off the coast of Australia. This area is more populated than the center of Australia, but no where near as occupied as, say, the Ring of Fire, which is a very big location for volcanoes and earthquakes, because of its unstable tectonic plates. India, which is one of the other most densely populated areas, has little to no volcanoes and earthquakes, so it is clear that population density has nothing to do with earthquake or volcano occurrence.
Both of these natural phenomenons can affect human life in adverse ways. Earthquakes destroy settlements, and can disrupt ecosystems by uprooting trees and destroying natural habitats. Earthquake aftershocks can lead to landslides and tsunamis which can crush people or nature with rocks or water. Volcanoes' lava hardens quickly, and so can trap both plants an animals within it, along with burning them at its high temperatures. The heavy, wet ash caused from eruptions can crush buildings, and this phenomena can even affect global climate. Magma and ash erupted into the atmosphere can block the sun's warmth and cause a slight global cooling for up to a year.
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